Article 1628. Types of personal security

(1) A personal security may be dependent (suretyship) or independent.
(2) Suretyship is the obligation of the security provider (surety) which is assumed in favor of a creditor for the purpose of securing the obligation owed by the debtor to the creditor (the secured obligation) and which arises and becomes due only if and when the secured obligation arises and becomes due.
(3) An independent personal security is the obligation which is assumed by the security provider in favor of a creditor for the purposes of security, and which is expressly or impliedly clearly declared not to depend upon another person’s obligation owed to the creditor.